Update content for html

10 files changed, 474 insertions, 732 deletions

diff --git a/gemfeed/2016-04-09-jails-and-zfs-on-freebsd-with-puppet.html b/gemfeed/2016-04-09-jails-and-zfs-on-freebsd-with-puppet.html
index d6909a26..1a5e50ee 100644
--- a/gemfeed/2016-04-09-jails-and-zfs-on-freebsd-with-puppet.html
+++ b/gemfeed/2016-04-09-jails-and-zfs-on-freebsd-with-puppet.html
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ Notice: Finished catalog run in 206.09 seconds
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-04-01-KISS-high-availability-with-OpenBSD.html'>2024-04-01 KISS high-availability with OpenBSD</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation</a><br />
-<a class='textlink' href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html'>f3s-kubernetes-with f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</a><br />
 <br />
 <a class='textlink' href='../'>Back to the main site</a><br />
 <p class="footer">
diff --git a/gemfeed/2022-07-30-lets-encrypt-with-openbsd-and-rex.html b/gemfeed/2022-07-30-lets-encrypt-with-openbsd-and-rex.html
index fcf4ccd6..5ba9101a 100644
--- a/gemfeed/2022-07-30-lets-encrypt-with-openbsd-and-rex.html
+++ b/gemfeed/2022-07-30-lets-encrypt-with-openbsd-and-rex.html
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ rex commons
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-04-01-KISS-high-availability-with-OpenBSD.html'>2024-04-01 KISS high-availability with OpenBSD</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation</a><br />
-<a class='textlink' href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html'>f3s-kubernetes-with f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</a><br />
 <br />
 <a class='textlink' href='../'>Back to the main site</a><br />
 <p class="footer">
diff --git a/gemfeed/2024-01-13-one-reason-why-i-love-openbsd.html b/gemfeed/2024-01-13-one-reason-why-i-love-openbsd.html
index ef8c108d..a0ab5b6e 100644
--- a/gemfeed/2024-01-13-one-reason-why-i-love-openbsd.html
+++ b/gemfeed/2024-01-13-one-reason-why-i-love-openbsd.html
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ $ doas reboot <i><font color="silver"># Just in case, reboot one more time</font
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-04-01-KISS-high-availability-with-OpenBSD.html'>2024-04-01 KISS high-availability with OpenBSD</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation</a><br />
-<a class='textlink' href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html'>f3s-kubernetes-with f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</a><br />
 <br />
 <a class='textlink' href='../'>Back to the main site</a><br />
 <p class="footer">
diff --git a/gemfeed/2024-04-01-KISS-high-availability-with-OpenBSD.html b/gemfeed/2024-04-01-KISS-high-availability-with-OpenBSD.html
index 99251cc8..b8dcb4c5 100644
--- a/gemfeed/2024-04-01-KISS-high-availability-with-OpenBSD.html
+++ b/gemfeed/2024-04-01-KISS-high-availability-with-OpenBSD.html
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-04-01-KISS-high-availability-with-OpenBSD.html'>2024-04-01 KISS high-availability with OpenBSD (You are currently reading this)</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation</a><br />
-<a class='textlink' href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html'>f3s-kubernetes-with f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</a><br />
 <br />
 <a class='textlink' href='../'>Back to the main site</a><br />
 <p class="footer">
diff --git a/gemfeed/2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html b/gemfeed/2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html
index 17fe5878..55bfc7df 100644
--- a/gemfeed/2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html
+++ b/gemfeed/2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ View this page as <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/foo.zone/src/branch/conte
 <br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage (You are currently reading this)</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation</a><br />
-<a class='textlink' href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html'>f3s-kubernetes-with f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</a><br />
 <br />
 <a href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1/f3slogo.png'><img alt='f3s logo' title='f3s logo' src='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1/f3slogo.png' /></a><br />
 <br />
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ View this page as <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/foo.zone/src/branch/conte
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-04-01-KISS-high-availability-with-OpenBSD.html'>2024-04-01 KISS high-availability with OpenBSD</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage (You are currently reading this)</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation</a><br />
-<a class='textlink' href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html'>f3s-kubernetes-with f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</a><br />
 <br />
 <span>E-Mail your comments to <span class='inlinecode'>paul@nospam.buetow.org</span> :-)</span><br />
 <br />
diff --git a/gemfeed/2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html b/gemfeed/2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html
index 2216cf3f..a2d445d6 100644
--- a/gemfeed/2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html
+++ b/gemfeed/2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ View this page as <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/foo.zone/src/branch/conte
 <br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation (You are currently reading this)</a><br />
-<a class='textlink' href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html'>f3s-kubernetes-with f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</a><br />
 <br />
 <a href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1/f3slogo.png'><img alt='f3s logo' title='f3s logo' src='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1/f3slogo.png' /></a><br />
 <br />
@@ -348,7 +348,9 @@ dev.cpu.<font color="#000000">0</font>.freq: <font color="#000000">2922</font>
 <br />
 <span>To ease cable management, I need to get shorter ethernet cables. I will place the tower on my shelf, where most of the cables will be hidden (together with a UPS, which will also be added to the setup).</span><br />
 <br />
-<span>What will be covered in the next post of this series? Maybe ttttbhyve/Rocky Linux and WireGuard setup as described in part 1 of this series...</span><br />
+<span>Read the next post of this series:</span><br />
+<br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</a><br />
 <br />
 <span>Other *BSD-related posts:</span><br />
 <br />
@@ -359,7 +361,7 @@ dev.cpu.<font color="#000000">0</font>.freq: <font color="#000000">2922</font>
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-04-01-KISS-high-availability-with-OpenBSD.html'>2024-04-01 KISS high-availability with OpenBSD</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation (You are currently reading this)</a><br />
-<a class='textlink' href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html'>f3s-kubernetes-with f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</a><br />
 <br />
 <span>E-Mail your comments to <span class='inlinecode'>paul@nospam.buetow.org</span> :-)</span><br />
 <br />
diff --git a/gemfeed/DRAFT-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html b/gemfeed/2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html
index 813a934f..966547cc 100644
--- a/gemfeed/DRAFT-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html
+++ b/gemfeed/2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html
@@ -9,15 +9,17 @@
 </head>
 <body>
 <p class="header">
-View this page as <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/foo.zone/src/branch/content-md/gemfeed/DRAFT-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.md">Markdown</a> | <a href="gemini://foo.zone/gemfeed/DRAFT-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.gmi">Gemini</a>
+View this page as <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/foo.zone/src/branch/content-md/gemfeed/2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.md">Markdown</a> | <a href="gemini://foo.zone/gemfeed/2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.gmi">Gemini</a>
 </p>
 <h1 style='display: inline' id='f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd---part-3-protecting-from-power-cuts'>f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</h1><br />
 <br />
+<span class='quote'>Published at 2025-01-30T09:22:06+02:00</span><br />
+<br />
 <span>This is the third blog post about my f3s series for my self-hosting demands in my home lab. f3s? The "f" stands for FreeBSD, and the "3s" stands for k3s, the Kubernetes distribution we will use on FreeBSD-based physical machines.</span><br />
 <br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation</a><br />
-<a class='textlink' href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html'>f3s-kubernetes-with f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts (You are currently reading this)</a><br />
 <br />
 <a href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1/f3slogo.png'><img alt='f3s logo' title='f3s logo' src='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1/f3slogo.png' /></a><br />
 <br />
@@ -250,9 +252,9 @@ END APC  : <font color="#000000">2025</font>-<font color="#000000">01</font>-<fo
 <br />
 <span>So far, so good. Host <span class='inlinecode'>f0</span> would shut down itself when short on power. But what about the <span class='inlinecode'>f1</span> and <span class='inlinecode'>f2</span> nodes? They aren&#39;t connected directly to the UPS and, therefore, wouldn&#39;t know that their power is about to be cut off. For this, <span class='inlinecode'>apcupsd</span> running on the <span class='inlinecode'>f1</span> and <span class='inlinecode'>f2</span> nodes can be configured to retrieve UPS information via the network from the <span class='inlinecode'>apcupsd</span> server running on the <span class='inlinecode'>f0</span> node, which is connected directly to the APC via USB.</span><br />
 <br />
-<span>Of course, this won&#39;t work when <span class='inlinecode'>f0</span> is down. In this case, no operational node would be connected to the UPS via USB; therefore, the current power status would not be known. However, I consider this a rare circumstance. Furthermore, in case of an <span class='inlinecode'>f0</span> system crash, sudden power outages on the two other nodes would occur at different times, making real data loss (the main concern here) effectively impossible.</span><br />
+<span>Of course, this won&#39;t work when <span class='inlinecode'>f0</span> is down. In this case, no operational node would be connected to the UPS via USB; therefore, the current power status would not be known. However, I consider this a rare circumstance. Furthermore, in case of an <span class='inlinecode'>f0</span> system crash, sudden power outages on the two other nodes would occur at different times making real data loss (the main concern here) less likely.</span><br />
 <br />
-<span>And if <span class='inlinecode'>f0</span> is down and <span class='inlinecode'>f1</span> and <span class='inlinecode'>f2</span> receive new data and crash midway, it&#39;s likely that a client (e.g., an Android app or another laptop) still has the data stored on it, making data loss recoverable. I&#39;d receive an alert if any of the nodes go down (more on monitoring later in this blog series).</span><br />
+<span>And if <span class='inlinecode'>f0</span> is down and <span class='inlinecode'>f1</span> and <span class='inlinecode'>f2</span> receive new data and crash midway, it&#39;s likely that a client (e.g., an Android app or another laptop) still has the data stored on it, making data recoverable and data loss overall nearly impossible. I&#39;d receive an alert if any of the nodes go down (more on monitoring later in this blog series).</span><br />
 <br />
 <h3 style='display: inline' id='installation-on-partners'>Installation on partners</h3><br />
 <br />
@@ -400,7 +402,7 @@ Jan 26 17:36:32 f2 apcupsd[2159]: apcupsd exiting, signal 15
 Jan 26 17:36:32 f2 apcupsd[2159]: apcupsd shutdown succeeded
 </pre>
 <br />
-<span>All good :-) </span><br />
+<span>All good :-) See you in the next post of this series!</span><br />
 <br />
 <span>Other BSD related posts are:</span><br />
 <br />
@@ -411,7 +413,7 @@ Jan 26 17:36:32 f2 apcupsd[2159]: apcupsd shutdown succeeded
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-04-01-KISS-high-availability-with-OpenBSD.html'>2024-04-01 KISS high-availability with OpenBSD</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation</a><br />
-<a class='textlink' href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html'>f3s-kubernetes-with f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts (You are currently reading this)</a><br />
 <br />
 <span>E-Mail your comments to <span class='inlinecode'>paul@nospam.buetow.org</span> :-)</span><br />
 <br />
diff --git a/gemfeed/f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html b/gemfeed/DRAFT-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html
index 50da4602..2cebf528 100644
--- a/gemfeed/f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html
+++ b/gemfeed/DRAFT-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 </head>
 <body>
 <p class="header">
-View this page as <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/foo.zone/src/branch/content-md/gemfeed/f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.md">Markdown</a> | <a href="gemini://foo.zone/gemfeed/f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.gmi">Gemini</a>
+View this page as <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/foo.zone/src/branch/content-md/gemfeed/DRAFT-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.md">Markdown</a> | <a href="gemini://foo.zone/gemfeed/DRAFT-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.gmi">Gemini</a>
 </p>
 <h1 style='display: inline' id='f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd---rocky-linux-bhyve-vms---part-4'>f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4</h1><br />
 <br />
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ View this page as <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/foo.zone/src/branch/conte
 <br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation</a><br />
-<a class='textlink' href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html'>f3s-kubernetes-with f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4 (You are currently reading this)</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</a><br />
 <br />
 <a href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-frhyveeebsd-part-1/f3slogo.png'><img alt='f3s logo' title='f3s logo' src='./f3s-kubernetes-with-frhyveeebsd-part-1/f3slogo.png' /></a><br />
 <br />
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ View this page as <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/foo.zone/src/branch/conte
 <ul>
 <li><a href='#f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd---rocky-linux-bhyve-vms---part-4'>f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4</a></li>
 <li>⇢ <a href='#introduction'>Introduction</a></li>
+<li>⇢ <a href='#check-for-popcnt-cpu-support'>Check for <span class='inlinecode'>POPCNT</span> CPU support</a></li>
 <li>⇢ <a href='#basic-bhyve-setup'>Basic Bhyve setup</a></li>
 <li>⇢ <a href='#rocky-linux-vms'>Rocky Linux VMs</a></li>
 <li>⇢ ⇢ <a href='#iso-download'>ISO download</a></li>
@@ -47,6 +48,24 @@ View this page as <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/foo.zone/src/branch/conte
 <br />
 <span>Bhyve supports running a variety of guest operating systems, including FreeBSD, Linux, and Windows, on hardware platforms that support hardware virtualization extensions (such as Intel VT-x or AMD-V). In our case, we are going to virtualize Rocky Linux, which later on in this series will be used to run k3s.</span><br />
 <br />
+<h2 style='display: inline' id='check-for-popcnt-cpu-support'>Check for <span class='inlinecode'>POPCNT</span> CPU support</h2><br />
+<br />
+<span>POPCNT is a CPU instruction that counts the number of set bits (ones) in a binary number. In terms of CPU virtualization and Bhyve support for the POPCNT instruction is important because  guest operating systems utilize this instruction to perform various tasks more efficiently. If the host CPU supports POPCNT, Bhyve can pass this capability to virtual machines to for better performance. Without POPCNT support, some applications might not run, or they might perform suboptimally in virtualized environments.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span>To check for <span class='inlinecode'>POPCNT</span> support, I run:</span><br />
+<br />
+<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9
+by Lorenzo Bettini
+http://www.lorenzobettini.it
+http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
+<pre>paul@f0:~ % dmesg | grep <font color="#808080">'Features2=.*POPCNT'</font>
+  Features2=<font color="#000000">0x7ffafbbf</font>&lt;SSE3,PCLMULQDQ,DTES64,MON,DS_CPL,VMX,EST,TM2,SSSE3,SDBG,
+	FMA,CX16,xTPR,PDCM,PCID,SSE4.<font color="#000000">1</font>,SSE4.<font color="#000000">2</font>,x2APIC,MOVBE,POPCNT,TSCDLT,AESNI,XSAVE,
+	OSXSAVE,AVX,F16C,RDRAND&gt;
+</pre>
+<br />
+<span>So it&#39;s there! All good.</span><br />
+<br />
 <h2 style='display: inline' id='basic-bhyve-setup'>Basic Bhyve setup</h2><br />
 <br />
 <span>For the management of the Bhyve VMs, we are using <span class='inlinecode'>vm-bhyve</span>, a tool not part of the FreeBSD operating system but available as a ready-to-use package. It eases VM management and reduces a lot of the overhead. We also install the required package to make Bhyve work with the UEFI firmware.</span><br />
@@ -312,7 +331,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-04-01-KISS-high-availability-with-OpenBSD.html'>2024-04-01 KISS high-availability with OpenBSD</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage</a><br />
 <a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation</a><br />
-<a class='textlink' href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-4.html'>f3s-kubernetes-with f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Rocky Linux Bhyve VMs - Part 4 (You are currently reading this)</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</a><br />
 <br />
 <span>E-Mail your comments to <span class='inlinecode'>paul@nospam.buetow.org</span> :-)</span><br />
 <br />
diff --git a/gemfeed/atom.xml b/gemfeed/atom.xml
index 7e18508e..cd644536 100644
--- a/gemfeed/atom.xml
+++ b/gemfeed/atom.xml
@@ -1,12 +1,434 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
-    <updated>2025-01-29T08:04:40+02:00</updated>
+    <updated>2025-01-30T09:32:36+02:00</updated>
     <title>foo.zone feed</title>
     <subtitle>To be in the .zone!</subtitle>
     <link href="https://foo.zone/gemfeed/atom.xml" rel="self" />
     <link href="https://foo.zone/" />
     <id>https://foo.zone/</id>
     <entry>
+        <title>f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</title>
+        <link href="https://foo.zone/gemfeed/2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html" />
+        <id>https://foo.zone/gemfeed/2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html</id>
+        <updated>2025-01-30T09:22:06+02:00</updated>
+        <author>
+            <name>Paul Buetow aka snonux</name>
+            <email>paul@dev.buetow.org</email>
+        </author>
+        <summary>This is the third blog post about my f3s series for my self-hosting demands in my home lab. f3s? The 'f' stands for FreeBSD, and the '3s' stands for k3s, the Kubernetes distribution we will use on FreeBSD-based physical machines.</summary>
+        <content type="xhtml">
+            <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+                <h1 style='display: inline' id='f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd---part-3-protecting-from-power-cuts'>f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</h1><br />
+<br />
+<span class='quote'>Published at 2025-01-30T09:22:06+02:00</span><br />
+<br />
+<span>This is the third blog post about my f3s series for my self-hosting demands in my home lab. f3s? The "f" stands for FreeBSD, and the "3s" stands for k3s, the Kubernetes distribution we will use on FreeBSD-based physical machines.</span><br />
+<br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2024-11-17-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1.html'>2024-11-17 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 1: Setting the stage</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2024-12-03-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-2.html'>2024-12-03 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 2: Hardware and base installation</a><br />
+<a class='textlink' href='./2025-02-01-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3.html'>2025-02-01 f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts (You are currently reading this)</a><br />
+<br />
+<a href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1/f3slogo.png'><img alt='f3s logo' title='f3s logo' src='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-1/f3slogo.png' /></a><br />
+<br />
+<h2 style='display: inline' id='table-of-contents'>Table of Contents</h2><br />
+<br />
+<ul>
+<li><a href='#f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd---part-3-protecting-from-power-cuts'>f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 3: Protecting from power cuts</a></li>
+<li>⇢ <a href='#introduction'>Introduction</a></li>
+<li>⇢ <a href='#changes-since-last-time'>Changes since last time</a></li>
+<li>⇢ ⇢ <a href='#freebsd-upgrade-from-141-to-142'>FreeBSD upgrade from 14.1 to 14.2</a></li>
+<li>⇢ ⇢ <a href='#a-new-home-behind-the-tv'>A new home (behind the TV)</a></li>
+<li>⇢ <a href='#the-ups-hardware'>The UPS hardware</a></li>
+<li>⇢ <a href='#configuring-freebsd-to-work-with-the-ups'>Configuring FreeBSD to Work with the UPS</a></li>
+<li>⇢ ⇢ <a href='#usb-device-detection'>USB Device Detection</a></li>
+<li>⇢ ⇢ <a href='#apcupsd-installation'><span class='inlinecode'>apcupsd</span> Installation</a></li>
+<li>⇢ ⇢ <a href='#ups-connectivity-test'>UPS Connectivity Test</a></li>
+<li>⇢ <a href='#apc-info-on-partner-nodes'>APC Info on Partner Nodes:</a></li>
+<li>⇢ ⇢ <a href='#installation-on-partners'>Installation on partners</a></li>
+<li>⇢ <a href='#power-outage-simulation'>Power outage simulation</a></li>
+<li>⇢ ⇢ <a href='#pulling-the-plug'>Pulling the plug</a></li>
+<li>⇢ ⇢ <a href='#restoring-power'>Restoring power</a></li>
+</ul><br />
+<h2 style='display: inline' id='introduction'>Introduction</h2><br />
+<br />
+<span>In this blog post, we are setting up the UPS for the cluster. A UPS, or Uninterruptible Power Supply, safeguards my cluster from unexpected power outages and surges. It acts as a backup battery that kicks in when the electricity cuts out—especially useful in my area, where power cuts are frequent—allowing for a graceful system shutdown and preventing data loss and corruption. This is especially important since I will also store some of my data on the f3s nodes.</span><br />
+<br />
+<h2 style='display: inline' id='changes-since-last-time'>Changes since last time</h2><br />
+<br />
+<h3 style='display: inline' id='freebsd-upgrade-from-141-to-142'>FreeBSD upgrade from 14.1 to 14.2</h3><br />
+<br />
+<span>There has been a new release since the last blog post in this series. The upgrade from 14.1 was as easy as:</span><br />
+<br />
+<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9
+by Lorenzo Bettini
+http://www.lorenzobettini.it
+http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
+<pre>paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update fetch
+paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update install
+paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update -r <font color="#000000">14.2</font>-RELEASE upgrade
+paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update install
+paul@f0: ~ % doas shutdown -r now
+</pre>
+<br />
+<span>And after rebooting, I ran:</span><br />
+<br />
+<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9
+by Lorenzo Bettini
+http://www.lorenzobettini.it
+http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
+<pre>paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update install
+paul@f0: ~ % doas pkg update
+paul@f0: ~ % doas pkg upgrade
+paul@f0: ~ % doas shutdown -r now
+</pre>
+<br />
+<span>And after another reboot, I was on 14.2:</span><br />
+<br />
+<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9
+by Lorenzo Bettini
+http://www.lorenzobettini.it
+http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
+<pre>paul@f0:~ % uname -a
+FreeBSD f0.lan.buetow.org <font color="#000000">14.2</font>-RELEASE FreeBSD <font color="#000000">14.2</font>-RELEASE 
+ releng/<font color="#000000">14.2</font>-n<font color="#000000">269506</font>-c8918d6c7412 GENERIC amd64
+</pre>
+<br />
+<span>And, of course, I ran this on all 3 nodes!</span><br />
+<br />
+<h3 style='display: inline' id='a-new-home-behind-the-tv'>A new home (behind the TV)</h3><br />
+<br />
+<span>I&#39;ve put all the infrastructure behind my TV, as plenty of space is available. The TV hides most of the setup, which drastically improved the SAF (spouse acceptance factor).</span><br />
+<br />
+<a href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3/f3s-changes.jpg'><img alt='New hardware placement arrangement' title='New hardware placement arrangement' src='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3/f3s-changes.jpg' /></a><br />
+<br />
+<span>I got rid of the mini-switch I mentioned in the previous blog post. I have the TP-Link EAP615-Wall mounted on the wall nearby, which is my OpenWrt-powered Wi-Fi hotspot. It also has 3 Ethernet ports, to which I connected the Beelink nodes. That&#39;s the device you see at the very top.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span>The Ethernet cables go downward through the cable boxes to the Beelink nodes. In addition to the Beelink f3s nodes, I connected the TP-Link to the UPS as well (not discussed further in this blog post, but the positive side effect is that my Wi-Fi will still work during a power loss for some time—and during a power cut, the Beelink nodes will still be able to communicate with each other).</span><br />
+<br />
+<span>On the very left (the black box) is the UPS, with four power outlets. Three go to the Beelink nodes, and one goes to the TP-Link. A USB output is also connected to the first Beelink node, <span class='inlinecode'>f0</span>. </span><br />
+<br />
+<span>On the very right (halfway hidden behind the TV) are the 3 Beelink nodes stacked on top of each other. The only downside (or upside?) is that my 14-month-old daughter is now chaos-testing the Beelink nodes, as the red power buttons (now reachable for her) are very attractive for her to press when passing by randomly. :-) Luckily, that will only cause graceful system shutdowns!</span><br />
+<br />
+<h2 style='display: inline' id='the-ups-hardware'>The UPS hardware</h2><br />
+<br />
+<span>I wanted a UPS that I could connect to via FreeBSD, and that would provide enough backup power to operate the cluster for a couple of minutes (it turned out to be around an hour, but this time will likely be shortened after future hardware upgrades, like additional drives and a backup enclosure) and to automatically initiate the shutdown of all the f3s nodes.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span>I decided on the APC Back-UPS BX750MI model because:</span><br />
+<br />
+<ul>
+<li>Zero noise level when there is no power cut (some light noise when the battery is in operation during a power cut).</li>
+<li>Cost: It is relatively affordable (not costing thousands).</li>
+<li>USB connectivity: Can be connected via USB to one of the FreeBSD hosts to read the UPS status.</li>
+<li>A power output of 750VA (or 410 watts), suitable for an hour of runtime for my f3s nodes (plus the Wi-Fi router).</li>
+<li>Multiple power outlets: Can connect all 3 f3s nodes directly.</li>
+<li>User-replaceable batteries: I can replace the batteries myself after two years or more (depending on usage).</li>
+<li>Its compact design. Overall, I like how it looks.</li>
+</ul><br />
+<a href='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3/apc-back-ups.jpg'><img alt='The APC Back-UPS BX750MI in operation.' title='The APC Back-UPS BX750MI in operation.' src='./f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-3/apc-back-ups.jpg' /></a><br />
+<br />
+<h2 style='display: inline' id='configuring-freebsd-to-work-with-the-ups'>Configuring FreeBSD to Work with the UPS</h2><br />
+<br />
+<h3 style='display: inline' id='usb-device-detection'>USB Device Detection</h3><br />
+<br />
+<span>Once plugged in via USB on FreeBSD, I could see the following in the kernel messages:</span><br />
+<br />
+<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9
+by Lorenzo Bettini
+http://www.lorenzobettini.it
+http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
+<pre>paul@f0: ~ % doas dmesg | grep UPS
+ugen0.<font color="#000000">2</font>: &lt;American Power Conversion Back-UPS BX750MI&gt; at usbus0
+</pre>
+<br />
+<h3 style='display: inline' id='apcupsd-installation'><span class='inlinecode'>apcupsd</span> Installation</h3><br />
+<br />
+<span>To make use of the USB connection, the <span class='inlinecode'>apcupsd</span> package had to be installed:</span><br />
+<br />
+<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9
+by Lorenzo Bettini
+http://www.lorenzobettini.it
+http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
+<pre>paul@f0: ~ % doas install apcupsd
+</pre>
+<br />
+<span>I have made the following modifications to the configuration file so that the UPS can be used via the USB interface:</span><br />
+<br />
+<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9
+by Lorenzo Bettini
+http://www.lorenzobettini.it
+http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
+<pre>paul@f0:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % diff -u apcupsd.conf.sample  apcupsd.conf
+--- apcupsd.conf.sample <font color="#000000">2024</font>-<font color="#000000">11</font>-<font color="#000000">01</font> <font color="#000000">16</font>:<font color="#000000">40</font>:<font color="#000000">42.000000000</font> +<font color="#000000">0200</font>
++++ apcupsd.conf        <font color="#000000">2024</font>-<font color="#000000">12</font>-<font color="#000000">03</font> <font color="#000000">10</font>:<font color="#000000">58</font>:<font color="#000000">24.009501000</font> +<font color="#000000">0200</font>
+@@ -<font color="#000000">31</font>,<font color="#000000">7</font> +<font color="#000000">31</font>,<font color="#000000">7</font> @@
+ <i><font color="silver">#     940-1524C, 940-0024G, 940-0095A, 940-0095B,</font></i>
+ <i><font color="silver">#     940-0095C, 940-0625A, M-04-02-2000</font></i>
+ <i><font color="silver">#</font></i>
+-UPSCABLE smart
++UPSCABLE usb
+
+ <i><font color="silver"># To get apcupsd to work, in addition to defining the cable</font></i>
+ <i><font color="silver"># above, you must also define a UPSTYPE, which corresponds to</font></i>
+@@ -<font color="#000000">88</font>,<font color="#000000">8</font> +<font color="#000000">88</font>,<font color="#000000">10</font> @@
+ <i><font color="silver">#                            that apcupsd binds to that particular unit</font></i>
+ <i><font color="silver">#                            (helpful if you have more than one USB UPS).</font></i>
+ <i><font color="silver">#</font></i>
+-UPSTYPE apcsmart
+-DEVICE /dev/usv
++UPSTYPE usb
++DEVICE
+
+ <i><font color="silver"># POLLTIME &lt;int&gt;</font></i>
+ <i><font color="silver">#   Interval (in seconds) at which apcupsd polls the UPS for status. This</font></i>
+</pre>
+<br />
+<span>I left the remaining settings as the default ones; for example, the following are of main interest:</span><br />
+<br />
+<pre>
+# If during a power failure, the remaining battery percentage
+# (as reported by the UPS) is below or equal to BATTERYLEVEL,
+# apcupsd will initiate a system shutdown.
+BATTERYLEVEL 5
+
+# If during a power failure, the remaining runtime in minutes
+# (as calculated internally by the UPS) is below or equal to MINUTES,
+# apcupsd, will initiate a system shutdown.
+MINUTES 3
+</pre>
+<br />
+<span>I then enabled and started the daemon:</span><br />
+<br />
+<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9
+by Lorenzo Bettini
+http://www.lorenzobettini.it
+http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
+<pre>paul@f0:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % doas sysrc apcupsd_enable=YES
+apcupsd_enable:  -&gt; YES
+paul@f0:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % doas service apcupsd start
+Starting apcupsd.
+</pre>
+<br />
+<h3 style='display: inline' id='ups-connectivity-test'>UPS Connectivity Test</h3><br />
+<br />
+<span>And voila, I could now access the UPS information via the <span class='inlinecode'>apcaccess</span> command; how convenient :-) (I also read through the manual page, which provides a good understanding of what else can be done with it!).</span><br />
+<br />
+<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9
+by Lorenzo Bettini
+http://www.lorenzobettini.it
+http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
+<pre>paul@f0:~ % apcaccess
+APC      : <font color="#000000">001</font>,<font color="#000000">035</font>,<font color="#000000">0857</font>
+DATE     : <font color="#000000">2025</font>-<font color="#000000">01</font>-<font color="#000000">26</font> <font color="#000000">14</font>:<font color="#000000">43</font>:<f